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250.4 General Requirements for Grounding and Bonding.
The following general requirements identify what grounding
and bonding of electrical systems are required to accomplish.
The prescriptive methods contained in Article 250 shall be
followed to comply with the performance requirements of this
section.
(A) Grounded Systems.
(1) Electrical System Grounding. Electrical systems that
are grounded shall be connected to earth in a manner that
will limit the voltage imposed by lightning, line surges, or
unintentional contact with higher-voltage lines and that will
stabilize the voltage to earth during normal operation.
(2) Grounding of Electrical Equipment. Non–current-
carrying conductive materials enclosing electrical conduc-
tors or equipment, or forming part of such equipment, shall
be connected to earth so as to limit the voltage to ground on
these materials.
(3) Bonding of Electrical Equipment. Non–current-carrying
conductive materials enclosing electrical conductors or equip-
ment, or forming part of such equipment, shall be connected
together and to the electrical supply source in a manner that
establishes an effective ground-fault current path.
(4) Bonding of Electrically Conductive Materials and
Other Equipment. Electrically conductive materials that
are likely to become energized shall be connected together
and to the electrical supply source in a manner that estab-
lishes an effective ground-fault current path.
(5) Effective Ground-Fault Current Path. Electrical
equipment and wiring and other electrically conductive ma-
terial likely to become energized shall be installed in a
manner that creates a permanent, low-impedance circuit
facilitating the operation of the overcurrent device or
ground detector for high-impedance grounded systems. It
shall be capable of safely carrying the maximum ground-
fault current likely to be imposed on it from any point on
the wiring system where a ground fault may occur to the
electrical supply source. The earth shall not be considered
as an effective ground-fault current path.
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