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Where would the relays be

Thats the "Blind spot", upstream of the LV side OCPD, the primary side OCPD (Fuses in this case) see nothing but a fully loaded transformer. Easily prevented with differential relays but that box is seldom checked on low bid installs.
I've not done line work, built plenty of services, what is a differential relay?
 

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Sky Seattle said:
I've not done line work, built plenty of services, what is a differential relay?
Measures the gazin and gazout current of a transformer and compares theoretically ratio, too much of a difference and it trips the upstream OCPD. Protects from the secondary winding of the transformer down to the next OCPD.
 
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Discussion Starter · #20 · (Edited)
Measures the gazin and gazout current of a transformer and compares theoretically ratio, too much of a difference and it trips the upstream OCPD. Protects from the secondary winding of the transformer down to the next OCPD.
Can you expand on that?
My understanding is like this:

Let's say the transformer's turn ratio is 10:1,
Primary current is 10 amps
Secondary current is 100 amps

Note that the primary/secondary current is 10:1

Now a short or fault on the secondary causes the current to rise sharply to 500 amps for example...now the differential is 50:1 so the relay initiates an upstream (primary) OCPD to trip. (my understanding also assumes that a fault will cause the transformer's core to saturate so that the primary current does NOT rise in a linear manner to the secondary current.)

That was a very oversimplified version as the relay has to account for inrush current and normal loading imbalance BELOW the set overload point.

Zog will elaborate and correct me on anything I messed up with that...

Edit: zog posted as I was typing..I like his answer better. :)
 
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