You don't base the wire size on the load, you base it off the OCPD.
I don't know the answer to ponys question I will have to think on it.
I've always based the wire size on the load and then the OCPD to the wire.
You are more code savvy than I, so is it wrong for us to consider the wire protected (along with the motor) from the controller to the motor at the lower ampacity (due to derating)?
Also, since #14 at the maximum derated ampacity is 8.75-amps (25*.35) and the dedicated connected load is 2.5-amps, can't I use 240.6 to protect the conductor at 15-amps if I'm using a breaker?
Does Table 430.52 require a lower (than 15-amp) OCPD to be installed? What about exception 1 to this table, does that allow the 15-amp breaker for short circuit protection?
I'm very curious as to the proper way to look at this, so I hope you think it through and give us the NEC way to view it.
Thanks